12 JENIS TEKS BAHASA INGGRIS

1.      NARRATIVE TEXT

A narrative is a story that is created in constructive form

Purpose : an imaginative story to entertain people.

Generic structur :

-          Orientation : It is about the opening paragraph where the characters of the story are introduced

-          Complication : Where the problems in the story developed

-          Resolution : Where the problems in the story is solved

EXAMPLE :

Cinderella

Once upon a time, there was a beautiful young girl named Cinderella. He lived with his step mother and two sisters. They were arrogant and bad tempered. They treated Cinderella very badly. Her step mother made Cinderella do the hardest job in the house, such as scrubbing the floor, cleaning the pot and pan and preparing food for the family. Her step sisters, on the other hand, did not work on the house. Their mother gave them many pretty dresses to wear.

One day, a king invited all girls in his kingdom to attend a ball in his palace. They were excited about this and spent so much time choosing the dresses they would wear. Cinderella could not stop crying after they left.

“Why are you crying, Cinderella?” the voice asked.

She looked up and saw a fairy standing beside her. Then Cinderella told her why she was crying. Well the fairy said, “you’ve been such a cheerful, hardworking, uncomplaining girl that I will see that you go to the ball.” The fairy turned a pumpkin into a coach and mice into a smooth two coach man and footman then tapped Cinderella’s dress with her wand, and it became a beautiful ball gown.

Then he gave her a pair of pretty glass shoes. Now, Cinderella, she said, “you have to leave the ball before midnight”. Then he drove away a wonderful coach. Cinderella had a marvelous time either. She danced again and again with the prince. Suddenly the clock began to strike twelve, she ran toward the door as fast as he could do. In her hurry, one of her glass shoes left behind.

A few days later, the prince declared that he would marry the girl whose feet fitted the glass shoe. Cinderella’s stepsisters tried on it but it was too small for them, no matter how hard they squeezed their toes into it. In the end, the king’s page let Cinderella try the shoe. She stretched his legs and slipped the shoe on the page. It fitted perfectly. Finally, she was ushered into a magnificent palace and height. The prince were glad to see her again. They married and lived happily ever after.

2.      PROCEDURE

            Procedure text is a text to tell “How to make...”

Purpose : To tell someone how to make something with used the intruction.

Generic structure:

-          Goals

-          Materials

-          Steps

EXAMPLE :

How to Plant Chilies

Aim/ Goal

Planting is a nice activity in our spare time. The following is guided information on how to plant a chili-plant easily. Here are the steps.

Steps

Firstly, dry a handful seeding under the sunlight.

Secondly, put the seeding on the soil. It should be in open area

Next, wait it. There will come out the sprout after that let it be bigger.

Finally, put it in another big pot. It will soon grow bigger and bigger and yield us some fresh chilies soon.

3.      DESCRIPTIVE

Purpose : to describe a particular person, place or thing in detail.
Generic Structure :

-          Identification

-          Description 

EXAMPLE :

Descriptive Text About Place: Venice

Example of Descriptive Text – Venice

One of the famous city in Italy is Venice. It get its popularity because Venice is a rich and interesting city. It has a lot of history documentations and offers a lot  of attractive things to visitors.
Venice has been established over 2000 years ago when waves of barbarians drove people out of their homes in various Roman cities. Around years 800-1100 AD, Venice underwent a period of growth, and became more centralized. It gradually developed into a city state, which is essentially a self-governed region of a country that trades freely among others.
As Venice gradually developed, it became a prominent player in the sea trade of the time. It was set upon by many different threats. Pirates became the hugest problem. Fewer and fewer shipments were making it through the treacherous water. It happened when the Republic of Venice decided to move the operations to the eastern shores.
When we think of Venice, the first thing which comes to mind are canals. They are considered the trademark of the city. Canals are mostly recognizable for providing the main form of transportation throughout the city. Visiting Venice brings a rich aura of history and culture. Floating through the canals for an afternoon makes for a memorable experience, and it’s one that any traveler commonly enjoy.

4.      NEWS ITEM

Purpose: To give information about daily event

Generic structure :

-          News worthy event

-          Background events

-          Sources

EXAMPLE :

A Boy Hidden in Wheel Well of Airplane Survived

News Item – How stowaway hide in wheel plane: dailymail.co.uk

A 16-year-old boy has survived a dangerous journey hidden in the wheel well of airplane. It was a 5-hour flight from California to Hawaii.
            The boy had run away from home and climbed a fence at the airport in San Jose, California. He crossed the tarmac and crawled into the wheel well of Hawaiian Airlines flight 45.
            According to FBI special agent Tom Simon, The boy quickly lost consciousness as temperatures in the compartment sank as low as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit. It was 62 degrees Celsius below zero.
            The boy got an apparent miracle. After he had been unconscious for most of the journey,  the boy regained his consciousness about an hour after the plane landed on Sunday morning. The boy hopped down from the wheel well. He started wandering around the airport grounds, where was spotted by ground crew.
            The boy was turned over to local child protection officials. A medical examination showed that he appeared to have been unharmed.
Since records began in 1947, about 100 wheel well stowaways are thought to have attempted to board flights. Around three-quarters of them died.
“Our primary concern now is for the well-being of the boy, who is exceptionally lucky to have survived” Hawaiian Airlines said in a statement

5.      RECOUNT

            Recount text is a text to tell a experience about the past.

Purpose : To list and describe past experiences by ratelling in the order in which they happened (Chronological)

Generic structur :
- Orientation (yang terlibat, kapan dan di mana peristiwa itu terjadi)
- Events (menceritakan apa yang terjadi dalam urutan kronologis)
- Re-orientation (opsional - penutupan acara)

EXAMPLE :

My Holiday Was Fantastic

       Last summer I got a fantastic holiday. I visited some great places. I went to an airport and was going to fly to Cleveland. I was spending there two days. I liked to see some Cleveland Cavaliers basketball matches.
       Then I went to Hollywood. Hollywood is a famous district in Los Angeles, California, United States. It had become world-famous as the center of the film industry. Four major film companies – Paramount, Warner Bros., RKO and Columbia – had studios in Hollywood. I did not want to leave but I had to.
       After that, I went to New York city. I visited the Statue of Liberty. I went from the bottom of Manhattan to the top of the crown. That was very amazing.
       The places made me feel at home but I have to go home. Next time I would return to them.

6.      REPORT

Purpose : To present information about something. As it is.

Generic structure :

-          General classification

-          Description

Example :

 Television

Television, or TV, is one of humanity’s most important means of communication. It brings pictures and sounds from around the world into millions of homes.

People, with a television set in their houses, can sit and watch the president makes a speech or visits a foreign country. They can see a war being fought. Through television, viewers at home can see and learn about people, places, and things in a away lands.

Additionally, television brings its viewers a steady stream of programs that are designed to entertain. In fact, TV provides many more entertainment programs than any other kind of information media. The programs include action-packed dramas, light comedies, soap operas, sports events, cartoons, quizzes, variety shows and motion pictures.

7.      Analytical exposition

Purpose : To persuade by presenting arguments

Generic structure :

-          Thesis

-          Arguments

-          Conclusion

Example :

Controlling children using computer

Computer and internet are useful as well as powerful. Information about health and safe usage of computer and Internet, especially for children, should be owned by each family. Computer connected to internet is powerful way to socialize with others. It can be good but also bad effect. Recently we hear a lot of children get the advantage of socialnetworking sites but we often see the news about the disadvantage of it for children. Healthy and safety of computer and Internet usage should  continue to be campaigned. The role of parent in assisting and directing children in using computer is very necessary. Installation of software monitor such as key logger which has function to watch and note all activities relating to keyboard usage is helpful but not enough to protect children from potential harms. Children tend to hide what they have done in front of the computer to their parent. They see that all of they have done are their privacy and no one may know. We can not prevent children from using computer because it is multifunctional. However, many parents worry about what their kids do in front of the computer; whether they are doing homework or even just playing games. Or spending all time to surf internet which is the materials do not fit with his age. There is a tendency, especially teenagers, want to become acquainted with many strangers out side. The lack parental supervision of children’s activities is likely to pose a potential danger to them. So parental monitor against the use of computers needs to be done from time to time.

8.      Hortatory exposition

Purpose : To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done

Generic structure :

-          Thesis

-          Arguments

-          Recommendation

Example :

CORRUPTION

Do you know what the meaning of corruption is? What is the relation between money and corruption? Well, corruption is common everywhere in the world, even in the United States. It’s just a matter of intensity. However, it is quite shocking when one reliable survey claims Jakarta as the most corrupt place in Indonesia

The survey has made me sad, actually, because I stay and earn a living here in the capital. As most people know, Tanjung Priok port smuggling is not a new thing at all. Entrepreneurs who want to minimize their tax payments tend to do such a thing more often. They even bribe the officials.

Well, I think the measures taken so far to overcome the problem by punishing the corruptors is still not far enough. We have to prevent the younger generations from getting a bad mentality caused by corruption.

I believe we should start at the earliest stages in school and I think everyone should be involved in the effort to eradicate corruption. We must not make any distinction.

9.      Discussion

Purpose : To present two point of view about an issue

Generic structure :

-          Issue/Topic

-          Argument for

-          Argument again

-          Conclusion

Example :

The controversy of Harmessing Solar Energy

We often hear about solar cars, solar heating and solar batteries. But will solar energy ever be a major source of energy society?

Solar energy is cheaper than other fossil because we can get an abundant source from the sun Elaboration In sunny desert areas, 50% of the sun’s radiation that reach the ground could be used to produce electricity for business and industry, to provide heat, light and hot water for homes. Experimental solar ponds can also produce hot water to drive generators.

Unfortunately , we cant yet power our homes entirely on sunlight Elaboration Solar energy can only be used effectively in bright light. Its greatest potential. Therefore is in hot countries that have clear skies for most of the year. But, unfortunately most homes are nor always in the sunniest part of the world. Moreover, in order to harness solar power solar cells are needed to convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar cells are very cheap to run, but relatively expensive to buy and many people cant afford them.

Conclusion Needless to say, solar energy is useful and non-pollution source of energy. Unfortunately, solar cells, the main device to harness the sun’s energy are still very expensive.

10.  Explanation

Purpose : to explain ‘why’ or ‘how’ about something happend

Generic structure :

-          General statement

-          Explanation

-          Conclusion

Example :

How chocolate is made

Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits are the tree’s seeds. They are also known as coco beans.

Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts processing by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavour. So they are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix.

The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are grounded to make it liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter.

All seeds contain some amount of fat and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why they ground nibs from liquid. It is pure bitter chocolate.

11.  Review

Purpose : To critique or evaluant an art work od event for the public audience

Generic structure :

-          Orientation

-          Interpretive recount

-          Evaluation

-          Evaluation summation or conclusion

Example :

Review Text (Resensi) Film Habibie & Ainun

The film’s title : Habibie & Ainun
Genre                : Romantic
Director            : Hanung Bramantyo
Production       : MD Entertainment
Cast                    : Reza Rahardian (BJ. Habibie), BCL (Ainun Habibie), Tio Pakusadewo (Soeharto)

Indonesian film industry finally awakened to offer quality movies. After a long time the people of Indonesia are served with horror film with semi-pornographic scenes. Film Habibie & Ainun produced by renowned director Hanung Bramantyo. This film is an adaptation of a novel by Mr. BJ. Habibie personal story about his life journey with his love Mrs. Ainun. The novel he wrote after the death of Alm. Ainun Habibie, as a mark of his very deep love for his wife.

The film told about a leader and Indonesian intellect, Mr. BJ Habibie who tried to build up the nation. The film also tried to unite the romance between a marriage couple in a family with a bandage of nationalism spirit. The love story between Habibie and Ainun provided valuable lesson for all Indonesian society. The loyalty and sacrifice they gave to the nation offered a lot of lessons for us to continue their struggle.

Their conflict and struggle to developed the nation presented in this film is able to make the audience cry, even the former President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and his wife, Ani Yudhoyono shed tears when watching it for the first time.

The biography of BJ Habibie and Ainun Habibie are elegantly presented. His science and ambition to create Indonesia Aircraft are the positive values and encourage us to be his successor.

Unfortunately, this beautiful story of this film is a little tarnished by the unprofessional product ads. It is very disappointed advertisement. Although it is only a few seconds, but it still disturbs the story.

Finally, for those who have a high spirit of nationalism and love romance must watch this film which is one of the best film ever created by the Indonesian.

TASK ENGLISH

”JENIS-JENIS TEKS”

DI SUSUN OLEH              :

NAMAE    : NURLIANA

CLASS      : XII.IPA 3

SMA NEGERI 1 RAHA

2015/2016